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          作业6
          <div class="sub header">
            @
            
              Lindixuan
            
            · Tuesday, Oct 13, 2020
            · 2 minute read
            · Update at Oct 13, 2020
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      <article style="margin-top: 2rem;"><h2 id="1according-to-the-von-neumann-architecture-list-basic-parts-of-a-computer">1、According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer.</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="2a-computer-has-64-mb-megabytes-of-memory-how-many-bits-are-needed-to-address-any-single-byte-in-memory">2、A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory?</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>2^26=64M<br>
需要26位</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="3list-basic-parts-of-a-cpu-include-cache-or-not">3、List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not?</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>算数逻辑单元(ALU)，控制单元，寄存器组，总线（控制总线、数据总线、地址总线）。不包括缓存。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="4what-mean-secondary-storage-list-some-on-your-pc">4、What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC.</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>硬盘、软盘、U盘、光盘。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="5使用维基百科解释以下概念">5、使用维基百科，解释以下概念：</h2>
<h3 id="cpu">CPU</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes instructions that make up a computer program.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="ram">RAM</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>Random-access memory (RAM /ræm/) is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="rom">ROM</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. Read-only memory is useful for storing software that is rarely changed during the life of the system, also known as firmware. Software applications (like video games) for programmable devices can be distributed as plug-in cartridges containing read-only memory.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="buscomputing">BUS(computing)</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus[citation needed], and historically also called data highway) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers. This expression covers all related hardware components (wire, optical fiber, etc.) and software, including communication protocols.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="parallel-computing">Parallel Computing</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>Parallel computing is a type of computation where many calculations or the execution of processes are carried out simultaneously. Large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which can then be solved at the same time. There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but has gained broader interest due to the physical constraints preventing frequency scaling. As power consumption (and consequently heat generation) by computers has become a concern in recent years, parallel computing has become the dominant paradigm in computer architecture, mainly in the form of multi-core processors.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="6写一段文字简单解释云计算cloud-computing">6、写一段文字，简单解释“云计算（cloud computing）”</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>云计算（cloud computing）是基于互联网的相关服务的增加、使用和交付模式，通常涉及通过互联网来提供动态易扩展且经常是虚拟化的资源。云是网络、互联网的一种比喻说法。过去在图中往往用云来表示电信网，后来也用来表示互联网和底层基础设施的抽象。<br>
按照美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）定义：云计算是一种按使用量付费的模式，这种模式提供可用的、便捷的、按需的网络访问， 进入可配置的计算资源共享池（资源包括网络，服务器，存储，应用软件，服务），这些资源能够被快速提供，只需投入很少的管理工作，或与服务供应商进行很少的交互。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="7小孙买了计算机主板说明书表明支持双通道ddr3-1333内存最大支持16g">7、小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存，最大支持16G”</h2>
<h3 id="1ddr3内存3和1333的含义是什么">1）DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>DDR3是指一种电脑内存规格，此外还有DDR2等<br>
1333指工作频率为1333Hz</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="2小孙买8g-ddr3-1600的内存能提高性能吗">2）小孙买8G DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>不能，主板支持DDR3-1333内存，所以实际运行频率达不到1600Hz，性能不会提高。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="3小孙买4g2-ddr3-1333的内存能提高性能吗">3）小孙买4G*2 DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>能。4G*2可组双通道，运行速度能加块。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="416g需要多少位地址">4）16G需要多少位地址？</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>2^34=16G 需要34位地址</p>
</blockquote></article>
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